Check RAID status on Ubuntu

Check RAID status:

/sbin/mdadm --detail /dev/md0

Or check with this:

sudo cat /proc/mdstat

This is what a good status will look like:

Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] 
md1 : active raid1 sdb5[0] sdc5[1]
      1485888 blocks [2/2] [UU]
      
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[0] sdc1[1]
      242709888 blocks [2/2] [UU]
      
unused devices:

The [UU] (I think) indicates the status of both drives in the array, and both are Up

Easy steps for Ubuntu server upgrade

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Edit /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades, and ensure:

Prompt=normal

(otherwise if its LTS you will only be able to upgrade to the next LTS release if one is available

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
sudo do-release-upgrade

…and follow the prompts.

Hiding Apache2 header info

Add these to your /etc/apache2/apache2.conf then restart Apache:

LoadModule headers_module /path_to/mod_headers.so
Header unset Server
ServerSignature Off
ServerTokens ProductOnly
Header unset X-Powered-By

Location data tracked by iOS and Android devices

Security researchers discovered this week that iOS devices continuously track users physical location and store this data on the device. The data is also sync’d with your desktop if you use iTunes. What’s interesting is apparently this has been long known by Law Enforcement Agencies, who can use this data in investigations. This data is also transmitted back to Apple every 12 hours.

Android devices apparently also report location data back to Google – it sounds like WiFi MAC address location data is sent back to help triangulate a users location to provide location based services using this map of collected MAC addresses. This is similar to the MAC address collection that Google got into trouble for when they collected similar data from their StreetView cars (when they arguably collected far more than just MAC addresses and the location).